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- <text id=90TT3321>
- <link 89TT0963>
- <title>
- Dec. 10, 1990: New Thinking
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Dec. 10, 1990 What War Would Be Like
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- BOOKS, Page 99
- New Thinking
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <qt>
- <l>THE NEW RUSSIANS</l>
- <l>by Hedrick Smith</l>
- <l>Random House; 621 pages; $24.95</l>
- </qt>
- <p> When Hedrick Smith finished a three-year reporting stint in
- the Soviet Union in 1974, he did not even dream of writing this
- book. In fact, he wrote a very different one: The Russians, a
- best seller that depicted a Soviet society mired in lies,
- corruption and fear. He was convinced, he recalls in The New
- Russians, that "fundamental change was impossible."
- </p>
- <p> His miscalculation, like that of so many other Western
- correspondents, was to focus on the dissidents who protested
- in public and largely to ignore the disaffected millions of
- Soviet citizens who went through the motions of their jobs
- while seething with resentment. That "hidden constituency" for
- reform even included young Communist Party officials who saw
- that the society was as decrepit as its bemedaled leader,
- Leonid Brezhnev.
- </p>
- <p> At the center of The New Russians is the story of one
- Russian in particular, Mikhail Gorbachev. Smith deftly presents
- a biography of Gorbachev that puts him into the context of
- national malaise: clever enough to advance through the
- mediocrities of the party, honest enough to recognize the need
- for change. He believes Gorbachev has already achieved
- greatness by creating a civil society in a country where
- political passivity and dictatorship had always been the norm.
- Informal organizations at the grass roots and the emerging
- institutions of parliament, independent courts and a free press
- will eventually lead to a multiparty system. "I cannot imagine
- a new Stalinist dictatorship," Smith says. He can imagine, with
- equanimity, a Soviet Union that reorganizes itself after
- spinning off the Baltic states, Georgia, Moldavia and other
- bits.
- </p>
- <p> Smith drives the potentially confusing narrative with such
- clarity that it all reads like an eyewitness account. Despite
- his optimism, he identifies obstacles to progress: an economy
- nearing collapse, violent nationalism and separatism, an
- obstructionist bureaucracy, a lackadaisical Russian attitude
- toward work, a "culture of envy." In spite of all that, he
- expects the patient, durable Russians to muddle through, with
- some setbacks, toward a democratic future 20 or 30 years away.
- What we have already seen he counts as nothing less than the
- second Russian Revolution.
- </p>
- <p>By Bruce W. Nelan.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-